2023 NABTEB Animal Science Questions and Answers
The National Business and Technical Examinations Board (NABTEB) Has Scheduled The 2023 Nabteb Animal Science Questions and Answers Paper To Kick of on Tuesday 27th June, 2023.
This brings the attention of candidates writing the exam in to searching for 2023 NABTEB Animal Science Questions and Answers, NABTEB Animal Science Expo 2023, and etc.
2023 NABTEB Animal Science Questions and Answers
In this section, you will read the steps and requirements needed for you to get Nabteb Animal Science 2023 Questions And Answers before exam.
NABTEB Animal Science 2023 Paper is Categorized in to 2 parts:
- NABTEB Animal Science Theory 2023
- NABTEB Animal Science Objective 2023
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NABTEB Animal Science Expo 2023
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Nabteb Animal Science Answer 2023
NUMBER ONE
(1a)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Limited access to advanced equipment and technology.
(ii) Inadequate funding and financial resources.
(iii) Limited knowledge of regulations and permits required to operate a farm.
(iv) Competing with large scale commercial farms.
(v) Treatment of animal diseases and illnesses.
(vi) Sustainability constraints i.e. weather or climate change.
(vii) Resource and land availability.
(1b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Build relationships with local farmers or agribusinesses that have access to cutting-edge equipment or technology.
(ii) Seek out opportunities for grants and loans and explore alternative funding models such as partnerships.
(iii) Research and comply with all relevant regulations at all levels of government.
(iv) Focus on developing a niche market or specialty product that sets your farm apart from larger producing farms.
(v) Invest in education around animal health and employ professional veterinary assistance.
(vi) Experiment with innovative farming practices or invest in off-site insurance coverage for weather- or climate-related disruptions.
(vii) Make the most of available land and resources by implementing sustainable farming practices.
(1c)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Sheep can produce more revenue through wool production.
(ii) Sheep are generally easier to handle and care for than goats.
(iii) Sheep are more resistant to parasites than goats.
(iv) Sheep milk is higher in milk fat content making it ideal for cheese production.
(v) Sheep are able to graze and forage on rough terrain as compared to goats.
(vi) Lamb meat has a mild taste as compared to goat meat making it more palatable to consumers.
(vii) Wool production is a more consistent year-round product than goat milk which may fluctuate based on the season.
(viii) Sheep require less water intake as compared to goats making them more viable in dry areas.
=================
NUMBER TWO
(2ai)
Mutation is a process that causes a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. These changes can either result in a beneficial or harmful effect on the organism.
(2aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Random or spontaneous mutations that occur naturally during DNA replication
(ii) Exposure to mutagens like radiation
(iii) Environmental factors like temperature chemicals and viruses
(iv) Inbreeding or the mating of closely related animals
(v) Hybridization or the crossing of different breeds or species
(vi) Genetic engineering or the manipulation of genetic material through scientific methods
(2bi)
The genotype and phenotype ratio in the second filial generation (F2) for the mating of a black goat (TT) against a white goat (tt) as male and female respectively will be:
– Genotypic ratio: 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt
– Phenotypic ratio: 3 black : 1 white
(2bii)
(i) Phenotypic selection: selecting animals based on measurable physical traits
(ii) Progeny testing: evaluating offspring for desirable traits and selecting animals based on offspring performance
(iii) Genotypic selection: selecting animals based on their genetic makeup
(iv) Index selection: selecting animals based on a combination of phenotypic and genetic traits to improve overall performance.
===============
NUMBER THREE
(3ai)
Poultry refers to domesticated birds that are raised for meat eggs and feathers. The most common types of poultry are chickens ducks geese and turkeys.
(3aii)
(i) chicken dropping
(ii) poultry litter manuure or dung
(3aiii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Poultry droppings are a rich source of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium making them an excellent fertilizer for plants.
(ii) Poultry droppings can be used to generate biogas a renewable energy source.
(iii) Composting: Poultry droppings can be used as compost which can help improve soil quality.
(iv) Poultry droppings can be used to make fish feed providing a sustainable source of protein for fish.
(v) Poultry droppings can be used as bedding for livestock.
(vi) Poultry droppings can be used as fuel for cooking or heating in some parts of the world.
(3bi)
Intensive system: This is a system of poultry farming where birds are confined in a small space (such as a barn or shed) and provided with all their needs including food water and lighting. The birds are usually kept indoors and their environment is carefully controlled to optimize production.
(3bii)
Extensive system: This is a system of poultry farming where birds are allowed to roam freely outdoors and are not confined to a small space. They obtain their food and water from the environment.
(3biii)
Semi-intensive system: This is a system of poultry farming that combines elements of both the intensive and extensive systems. The birds are kept in a confined area but are also allowed to roam outside.
(3c)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) High productivity: The intensive system allows for maximum production of eggs and meat per bird and per unit of land.
(ii) Controlled environment: The intensive system enables farmers to control the birds’ environment reducing the risk of disease and ensuring high-quality products.
(iii) Efficient use of resources: The intensive system requires less land water and feed per unit of production compared to the extensive system.
(vi) Easier management: The intensive system allows for easier monitoring and management of the birds leading to better health and productivity.
(v) Year-round production: The intensive system allows for year-round production of eggs and meat whereas the extensive system is more seasonal.
(vi) Greater biosecurity: The intensive system allows for greater biosecurity measures reducing the risk of disease transmission between flocks.
================
NUMBER FOUR
(4)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i)Genetics: Certain genetic traits can make animals more susceptible to certain diseases. For example some breeds of chickens are more susceptible to respiratory infections than others.
(ii) Age: Young animals and those who are very old are more susceptible to diseases than animals in their prime.
(iii) Nutrition: Poor nutrition can weaken an animal’s immune system making them more susceptible to infections.
(iv) Environment: Poor living conditions overcrowding and inadequate ventilation can increase the risk of disease transmission between animals.
(v) Overuse of antibiotics: Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance making it harder to treat infections in animals and humans.
(vi) Stress: Environmental stressors can lead to a weakened immune system making animals more susceptible to infections.
(vii) Lack of vaccination: Vaccines can help protect animals against certain diseases and failure to vaccinate can leave animals vulnerable to infections.
================
NUMBER SIX
(6a)
Balanced ration refers to a diet that meets all the nutritional requirements of the animal in the right quantities and proportions. It includes the optimal amounts of protein carbohydrates vitamins minerals and water needed for the animal’s growth milk production or meat production.
(6bi)
BONE MEAL
(i) The bones are collected from slaughterhouses or meat processing plants.
(ii) The bones are then cleaned to remove any adhering tissue or fat.
(iii) After cleaning the bones are boiled to soften them and remove the remaining meat with a high-pressure machine.
(iv) The softened bones are then crushed into small pieces or ground into a fine powder.
(6bii)
BLOOD MEAL
(i) The blood is collected during the slaughtering process.
(ii) The blood is then centrifuged to remove any clots and to separate it from other fluids.
(iii) The liquid blood is then dried using a spray dryer or a drum dryer.
(iv) The dried blood is then ground into a fine powder.
(6biii)
FISH MEAL
(i) The fish are caught and cleaned at sea or at the processing plant.
(ii) The cleaned fish are cooked by steam to coagulate the proteins and release the oil.
(iii) The cooked fish are pressed to separate the liquid and oil from the solid parts.
(iv) The solid parts are dried using a direct or indirect dryer.
(v) The dried solids are ground into a fine powder.
(6biv)
COTTON SEED MEAL
(i) The cottonseeds are separated from the cotton fiber during ginning.
(ii) The seeds are then de-linted to remove the remaining fiber.
(iii) The de-linted seeds are roasted to inactivate any anti-nutritional factors.
(iv) The roasted seeds are then separated into two parts by using a mechanical separator.
(v) The kernel part is then ground into a fine powder.